Jarcho-Levin syndrome in Pakistan: a case report and review of 321 cases on the principles of diagnosis and management

Abstract Background Jarcho-Levin syndrome (JLS) is a genetic condition that constitutes specific vertebral anomalies combined with coastal or thoracic anomalies due to specific gene mutations. Although the condition is associated typically to Puerto-Ricans, we describe the novel case of JLS in a Pakistani family that presented with respiratory distress secondary to the condition. Case presentation The case is a full-term girl that had a webbed neck with an undefined chest deformity. Radiology showed kyphoscoliosis and a crablike chest. Early identification of these high morbidity conditions is key to allow for optimal treatment and improved outcomes. Conclusions We have provided a brief breakdown of the management principles of the condition and more than 80 years after the first case of Jarcho-Levin syndrome was reported, we present the diagnostic criterion for JLS.