BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF NATURAL QUINAZOLINE ALKALOIDS

To date, quinazoline alkaloids of natural origin, as well as synthetic derivatives based on them, whose structure contains an aromatic heterocyclic system including a pyrimidine cycle and a benzoin ring connected to it, are promising according to the criterion of the optimal profile of pharmacological activity. Currently, several hundred compounds of the quinazoline nature have been identified with a wide range of biological activities, including psychotropic (antidepressant, antipsychotic, sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant, etc.), antiplatelet, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and other types of activities. It has been proven that quinazoline alkaloids have an anti-infectious effect, exhibiting antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antiviral and other effects. The alkaloids of the quinazoline and quinazolinone series were originally isolated from plant sources. Currently, sources of animal and bacterial origin are used. Interest in quinazolines and quinazolinones, as compounds with a unique chemical structure and a wide range of pharmacological action, is constantly growing. The purpose of the study is to analyze the results obtained by domestic and foreign scientists in the study of the pharmacological activity of alkaloids – derivatives of quinazoline of natural origin and compounds synthesized based on their structure, as well as to assess and predict the degree of safety of use in medical practice using data from literary sources and calculated using computer modeling methods. The paper substantiates the prospects of using alkaloids of quinazolinone derivatives not only as medicines, but also as starting compounds for the synthesis of new derivatives showing pronounced activity.