Interfacial Architecture Constructed Using Functionalized MWNT Resulting in Enhanced EMI Shielding in Epoxy/Carbon Fiber Composites

Abstract In this work, we have attempted to improve electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and mechanical behavior of epoxy/carbon fiber (CF) composite, simultaneously, in the presence of functionalized carbon nanotubes. It is well understood that properties of composite depend on the interface between the filler and matrix. Considering this basic understanding, functionalized carbon nanotubes/epoxy nanocomposites were impregnated into a bidirectional carbon fiber (CF) mat and, further, various mechanical and EMI shielding behaviors were studied. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes were functionalized with branched poly(ethyleneimine) (b-MWNT) to tailor the interface of epoxy/CF composites. Laminates with two layers of CF were fabricated with functional MWNT modified epoxy. Scanning electron microscopy was used to analyze the microstructure of epoxy/CF laminates. Lap shear test was performed to analyze adhesion between the modified epoxy and carbon fiber. Further dynamic mechanical analysis in the temperature range of 30–160 °C was performed. Thermal degradation of composites was studied using a thermogravimetric analyzer. Electrical conductivity of laminates was measured using a four-point method on an Agilent probe station. EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) was measured for 0.5 mm-thin laminates in the Ku band. The b-MWNT modified epoxy/CF composites showed excellent SET of ca. −60 dB and SEA of ca. −50 dB, which are of commercial importance. Compared to unmodified epoxy/CF, b-MWNTs/epoxy/CF exhibited 200% increment in EMI SET and 35% enhancement in storage modulus due to the improved interface between the epoxy matrix and carbon fiber.