Adhesion enhancement of ion beam mixed Cu/Al/polyimide

Cu (400 Å)/polyimide was mixed with 80 keV Ar+ and N2+ from 1.0×1015 to 2.0×1016 ions/cm2. The same processes were repeated for the Cu (400 Å)/Al (50 Å)/polyimide system which has Al as a buffer layer. The quantitative adhesion strength was measured by a standard scratch test. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was employed to investigate the change in the chemical bonds of the ion beam mixed polyimide substrate and the intermediate effects for the adhesion enhancement in Cu/Al/polyimide. Two distinct tendencies are observed in the adhesion strength: Cu/Al/polyimide is more adhesive than Cu/polyimide after ion beam mixing, and N2+ ions are more effective in the adhesion enhancement than Ar+. The formation of an interlayer compound of CuAl2O4 accounts for the former, while the latter is understood by the fact that N2+ ions produce more pyridinelike moiety, amide group and tertiary amine moiety which are known as adhesion promoters.