Antifungal, Antibacterial and Phytotoxic Activity of Essential Oil from Leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis

The objective of our study is to use the essential oil from the leaves of the plant Eucalyptus camaldulensis, which has been extracted by the hydrodistillation method as pathogenic biobactericides, biofungicides and tested the phytotoxicity potential of essential oils of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, on the germination of three species of cereal (common wheat, barley and oats). The efficacy of the essential oil of Eucalyptus camaldulensis for different concentrations of 5, 2.5, 1.25 μl on four bacterial strains (namely Staphylococcus vitulinus, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus blanc, Enterobacter cloacae) and at concentrations of 60, 120, 240 μl on two fungal strains (Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium colmorum) is estimated by determining the rate of inhibition of the growth of bacteria and fungus tested. Our study (leaves appear) proved that the essential oil of Eucalyptus camaldulensis has a low activity against bacterial strains in all different concentrations, in which inhibition diameters do not exceed 5 mm. However, a good antifungal effect was manifested by what it showed a minimal inhibitory concentration (CMI) of 60 μl. Our results indicate that the extracts studied show good antibacterial and antifungal activities. In addition, the phytotoxicity test shows that the essential oil of Eucalyptus camaldulensis at a concentration of 50 μl shows a low toxicity rate on the germination of all the varieties of cereals studied: barley (Hordeum vulgare (Saida 183)), oats (Avena sativa L. subsp. Sativa (sonar)), and common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. HD1220 (Sersou)). Therefore, all of these results obtained in vitro only constitute an outline for scientific research of natural substances for biological control.