Predictive Value of Hyperglycemia on Prognosis in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Patients

Background: To investigate the risk factors of death in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) patients and the association between blood glucose and hematoma expansion.<br><br>Methods: A retrospective analysis of 170 patients with sICH who were grouped by survival and blood glucose level, death group (35 cases) and survival group (135 cases); 67 cases in the hyperglycemic group and 103 cases in the normoglycemic group. The parameters such as age, gender, past medical history, blood glucose, serum calcium, hemorrhage volume, and hematoma expansion were recorded and compared.<br><br>Results: Age, Original Intracerebral Hemorrhage Scale (OICH) score, blood glucose level, prothrombin time (PT), and hemorrhage volume in the death group were significantly higher than in the survival group, while Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score and serum calcium were lower than in the survival group (P&lt;0.05); the OICH score, length of stay(LOS), PT, hemorrhage volume in the hyperglycemia group were higher than in the normoglycemic group, while the GCS score and serum calcium level were significantly lower than those in the normoglycemic group (P&lt;0.05). Logistic regression showed that age, OICH score, GCS score, PT, serum calcium, hemorrhage volume, hematoma expansion, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), hematoma shape, and diabetes mellitus were risk factors for death; hyperglycemia was an independent predictor of hematoma expansion (P&lt;0.05).<br><br>Conclusions: Hyperglycemia can lead to hematoma expansion in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage and further increase the risk of death.