Index-based optimal DG allocation for voltage quality improvement in an unbalanced network

Voltage quality is a one of the major concerns in distribution systems. Distributed Generations (DGs) have the potential to improve voltage quality, if optimally planned and operated. Considering the problem of DG siting and sizing, this paper aims at integrating technical factors, particularly voltage quality, in planning of DGs. Hence, a methodology is proposed which optimizes voltage quality in the presence of DGs and can be used as one of the objectives in a multi-objective problem or as an intermediate stage in usual DG planning. Modified voltage quality indices are proposed which consider factors including voltage profile, voltage variation due to DG disconnection, voltage regulation and voltage unbalance. The indices are defined in such a manner suitable for three-phase unbalanced networks. The system voltage quality is assessed by a new comprehensive voltage quality index. By applying this index, the DGs locating and penetration problem is formulated to improve system voltage quality. The method is tested on IEEE 13-bus feeder which is an inherently unbalanced network.