Bioinspired Superwettability Materials

Abstract Naturally occurring structures such as spider silks, cactus spine, dandelion pappi, lotus leaves, butterfly wings, rose petals, gecko feet, and desert beetles possess unique properties and outstanding wettability characteristics, which are not yet well understood, but may provide inspiration for construction of superwettability materials. The focus of this article is on recent progress in application of bioinspired superwettability materials for diverse uses ranging from nanofibers, self‐cleaning materials, and chemical reaction interfaces to oil–water separation, patterning, and printing. The article begins by introducing one‐ and two‐dimensional naturally occurring structures with superwettability properties. Then, the fundamental principles of superwetting materials are discussed, followed by classification of superwettability materials based on the medium. The article discusses in detail the recent progress in application of bioinspired materials and provides a short conclusion and perspective.