Secure Firmware over the Air Updates for Vehicles using Blockchain, Signcryption, and Proxy Re-encryption

Modern electric cars with upgraded passenger vehicles experience security risks from wireless firmware updates that allow attackers to threaten the safety of drivers and their passengers. This research develops a distinctive technique that unites blockchain technology with signcryption and proxy re-encryption to ensure vehicle-manufacturer communication and resolve this problem. Through IPFS (Inter Planetary File System) firmware updates can be safely distributed to permissioned vehicles. The proposed method implements identity-based cryptography as a fusion of signcryption with proxy re-encryption to enhance air-based firmware update security. The security evaluation of this method provides evidence about how well the cryptographic update operations function within the firmware procedure. The study performs a simulation investigation with AVISPA through the implementation of OFMC and Cl-AtSe models. The simulation study results demonstrate that the proposed security techniques prove their resistance to both man in the middle and replay attacks. The study investigates vehicle firmware update security weaknesses to develop a framework which protects firmware update integrity and confidentiality.