Knowledge, practice and perceptions on exclusive breastfeeding among lactating mothers in rural primary health facilities in southwestern Nigeria

Background/Aims Exclusive breastfeeding is important for the growth and development of infants. Thus, it is important to examine the practice of exclusive breastfeeding and factors that may affect it. This study aimed to assess nursing mothers' knowledge on and practice of exclusive breastfeeding, the relationship between knowledge and practice and factors perceived to influence exclusive breastfeeding. Methods This cross-sectional study collected data using a self-designed questionnaire from mothers of children aged 0–6 months, at two primary health centres, Leslie and Igbogidi, in Ogun State, Nigeria. Participants were assessed on their knowledge and practice of exclusive breastfeeding, as well as their perceptions of factors that influence the practice of exclusive breastfeeding. Pearson's chi-squared test was used to assess the relationship between participants' knowledge and practice of exclusive breastfeeding. Results The majority (76.0%) of mothers had adequate knowledge on exclusive breastfeeding. However, only 58.5% practised exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months. There was a significant relationship between knowledge and practice of exclusive breastfeeding (P<0.000). Conclusions Participants' knowledge on exclusive breastfeeding did not coincide with its practice. Mothers should be supported through education and resources in order to improve rates of exclusive breastfeeding.