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EL RÉGIMEN LINGÜÍSTICO DE LA PROVINCIA CANADIENSE DE NUEVO BRUNSWICK
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En Canadá rige un modelo de federalismo lingüístico. Este modelo se caracteriza, entre
otras notas, por una estrecha vinculación entre régimen lingüístico y estructura federal del Estado.
Las lenguas mayoritarias tienen consideración de idiomas estatales y, al mismo tiempo, cada entidad
federada puede configurar su propia política lingüística. Este artículo analiza el régimen lingüístico
de una provincia canadiense que goza de un estatuto un tanto particular: Nuevo Brunswick. Es
la única provincia que garantiza un régimen de cooficialidad lingüística en el que ambos idiomas
oficiales, francés e inglés, gozan de las mismas garantías constitucionales. Dichas garantías se fundamentan
sobre el principio constitucional de igualdad de los dos idiomas oficiales y el principio
de igualdad de ambas comunidades lingüísticas. Se trata de un marco normativo único en el escenario
provincial canadiense que constituye el resultado de una larga evolución histórica, condicionada
por múltiples factores sociales y políticos, tanto puntuales como contínuos.
Kanadan hizkuntzaren federalismoa da indarrean dagoen eredua. Eredu horren
ezaugarrietako bat da lotura handia dagoela hizkuntza-erregimenaren eta estatuaren egitura federalaren
artean. Gehiengoarenak diren hizkuntzak estatuaren hizkuntzatzat hartzen dira, eta aldi
berean, federazioko erakunde bakoitzak bere hizkuntza-politika zehatza bidera dezake, lurraldetasunaren
irizpidea oinarri hartuta, baina pertsonalitatearen printzipioak zertxobait mugatuta.
Artikuluan Kanadan estatutu nahiko berezia duen probintzia bateko hizkuntza-erregimena aztertu
da: Brunswick Berriko egoera, hain juxtu. Probintzia horretan, hizkuntzen koofizialtasuna
bermatuta dago, eta ondorioz, bi hizkuntza ofizialek, frantsesak eta ingelesak, berme konstituzional
berak dituzte. Berme horiek Kanadako konstituzioan jasotzen diren bi printzipiotan dute
oinarria: bi hizkuntza ofizialen berdintasuna aldarrikatzen duen printzipioa, eta bi hizkuntza-komunitateen
berdintasunaren printzipioa aldarrikatzen duena. Kanadako probintziez ari garela,
parekorik gabeko arau-esparrua da hori, eta bilakaera historiko luze baten ondorioa da gainera,
hainbat eragile sozial eta politikok baldintzatua, bai aldian aldikoek, bai iraunkorragoak direnek
A model of linguistic federalism rules on Canada. The main feature of this model
is among other things its close relationship between the linguistic regime and the State¿s federal
structure. The majoritarian languages are considered State languages and at the same time
each entity part of the Federation can establish its own linguistic policy in conformity with the
territoriality criteria clarified by some features of the principle of personality. This article analizes
the linguistic regime of a Canadian province which enjoys a sort of specific status: New
Brunswick. This is the only province that assures a co-officiality regime where both languages,
French and English, enjoy same constitutional guarantees. Those guarantees are based on the
constitutional principle of equality among official languages and on the principle of equality for
both linguistic communities. It is a unique legal frame within the Canadian provincial scenario
that constitutes the result of a long historical evolution conditionated by multiple social and political
factors, both punctual and constant.
IVAP (Herri Arduralaritzaren Euskal Erakundea)
Title: EL RÉGIMEN LINGÜÍSTICO DE LA PROVINCIA CANADIENSE DE NUEVO BRUNSWICK
Description:
En Canadá rige un modelo de federalismo lingüístico.
Este modelo se caracteriza, entre
otras notas, por una estrecha vinculación entre régimen lingüístico y estructura federal del Estado.
Las lenguas mayoritarias tienen consideración de idiomas estatales y, al mismo tiempo, cada entidad
federada puede configurar su propia política lingüística.
Este artículo analiza el régimen lingüístico
de una provincia canadiense que goza de un estatuto un tanto particular: Nuevo Brunswick.
Es
la única provincia que garantiza un régimen de cooficialidad lingüística en el que ambos idiomas
oficiales, francés e inglés, gozan de las mismas garantías constitucionales.
Dichas garantías se fundamentan
sobre el principio constitucional de igualdad de los dos idiomas oficiales y el principio
de igualdad de ambas comunidades lingüísticas.
Se trata de un marco normativo único en el escenario
provincial canadiense que constituye el resultado de una larga evolución histórica, condicionada
por múltiples factores sociales y políticos, tanto puntuales como contínuos.
Kanadan hizkuntzaren federalismoa da indarrean dagoen eredua.
Eredu horren
ezaugarrietako bat da lotura handia dagoela hizkuntza-erregimenaren eta estatuaren egitura federalaren
artean.
Gehiengoarenak diren hizkuntzak estatuaren hizkuntzatzat hartzen dira, eta aldi
berean, federazioko erakunde bakoitzak bere hizkuntza-politika zehatza bidera dezake, lurraldetasunaren
irizpidea oinarri hartuta, baina pertsonalitatearen printzipioak zertxobait mugatuta.
Artikuluan Kanadan estatutu nahiko berezia duen probintzia bateko hizkuntza-erregimena aztertu
da: Brunswick Berriko egoera, hain juxtu.
Probintzia horretan, hizkuntzen koofizialtasuna
bermatuta dago, eta ondorioz, bi hizkuntza ofizialek, frantsesak eta ingelesak, berme konstituzional
berak dituzte.
Berme horiek Kanadako konstituzioan jasotzen diren bi printzipiotan dute
oinarria: bi hizkuntza ofizialen berdintasuna aldarrikatzen duen printzipioa, eta bi hizkuntza-komunitateen
berdintasunaren printzipioa aldarrikatzen duena.
Kanadako probintziez ari garela,
parekorik gabeko arau-esparrua da hori, eta bilakaera historiko luze baten ondorioa da gainera,
hainbat eragile sozial eta politikok baldintzatua, bai aldian aldikoek, bai iraunkorragoak direnek
A model of linguistic federalism rules on Canada.
The main feature of this model
is among other things its close relationship between the linguistic regime and the State¿s federal
structure.
The majoritarian languages are considered State languages and at the same time
each entity part of the Federation can establish its own linguistic policy in conformity with the
territoriality criteria clarified by some features of the principle of personality.
This article analizes
the linguistic regime of a Canadian province which enjoys a sort of specific status: New
Brunswick.
This is the only province that assures a co-officiality regime where both languages,
French and English, enjoy same constitutional guarantees.
Those guarantees are based on the
constitutional principle of equality among official languages and on the principle of equality for
both linguistic communities.
It is a unique legal frame within the Canadian provincial scenario
that constitutes the result of a long historical evolution conditionated by multiple social and political
factors, both punctual and constant.
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