Serum Lipid Profile and HbA_1c Status in Different Group of Diabetic Patients

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common endocrine and metabolic problem all over the world. Type 2 diabetic patients have an increased prevalence of dyslipidemia which commonly manifests as raised low- density lipoprotein (LDL), decreased high density lipoprotein (HDL) or elevated triglycerides (TG) levels and causes public health problems worldwide as well as in our country. Glycated hemoglobin is used as a biomarker of long-term glycemic control which is beneficial to prevent developing complications and achieve the goal of treatment. Aim of the study: To observe serum lipid profile and HbA1C level status in different groups of diabetic patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Outpatient Department of Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospitcross-sectional18 to June 2019. A total num Outpatient objects (34 males and 56 females) were selected with the age above 18 years on the basis of exclusion and inclusion criteria. Under aseptic precaution 5ml venous blood was collected from the subjects and analyzed to assess HbA1C and lipid profile. Data were collected in a predesigned structured questionnaire form by us. For statistical analysis, one way ANOVA test, Unpaired Student’s test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) test were performed by using SPSS windows, version 22.0. P value <0.05 was accepted as level of significance. Result:  In our study, 57.9% male diabetic patients on therapy and 46.7% male newly diagnosed diabetic patients had dyslipidemia. 53.8% female diabetic patients on therapy and 76.7% female newly diagnosed diabetic patients had dyslipidemia. There were no significant differences observed between lipid profile of diabetic patients on therapy and newly diagnosed diabetic patients, but statistically significant difference observed between HbA1C levels of diabetic patients on therapy and newly diagnosed diabetic patients. In our study, 15.8% male diabetic patients on therapy and 100% male newly diagnosed diabetic patients had HbA1C ≥ 6.5%. 15.4% female diabetic patients on therapy and 100% female newly diagnosed diabetic patients had HbA1C levels ≥ 6.5%. Positive correlation was found between HbA1C levels and TG, TC, LDL but HDL level showed negative correlation with HbA1C.  Conclusion: This study concludes that, there were no significant differences between lipid profile of diabetic patients on therapy and newly diagnosed diabetic patients, but statistically significant difference was found between HbA1C levels of diabetic patients on therapy and newly diagnosed diabetic patients. The pattern of diabetic dyslipidemia was high triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein. Positive correlation was found between HbA1C levels and TG, TC, LDL but HDL level showed negative correlation with HbA1C.