EFEK FARMAKOLOGI DAN TOKSIK SIRSAK (Annona muricata): A MINI-REVIEW

ABSTRAKAnnona muricata (sirsak) telah digunakan secara tradisional sejak lama untuk mengatasi demam, nyeri, gangguan pernapasan dan kulit, sebagai antiparasit, mengatasi infeksi bakteri, menurunkan tekanan darah, mengatasi peradangan, mengatasi diabetes dan kanker. Oleh karenanya, banyak studi baik in vitro maupun in vivo ditujukan untuk membuktikan manfaat tersebut. Senyawa kimia telah berhasil diisolasi dari tanaman ini diantaranya: alkaloid, fenol, dan asetogenin. Senyawa-senyawa tersebut diyakini berperan terhadap efek farmakologi pada berbagai kondisi penyakit. Walaupun demikian, keamanan atau toksisitas tanaman ini masih dipertanyakan baik untuk pemakaian jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang. Dosis efektif tanaman ini juga belum diketahui secara pasti. Melalui tulisan ini, penulis hendak merangkum berbagai efek farmakologi serta efek toksik yang dapat ditimbulkan oleh Annona muricata berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdahulu.Kata Kunci: Annona Muricata, Sirsak, Efek Farmakologi, Efek ToksikABSTRACTAnnona muricata (sirsak) has been used traditionally for a long time to treated fever, pain, respiratory and skin disorders, as an antiparasitic, to treat bacterial infections, reduce blood pressure, to treat inflammation, diabetes and cancer. Therefore, many studies both in vitro and in vivo were aimed to prove these benefits. Various chemical compounds have been successfully isolated from these plants. These compounds were believed to play a vital role in pharmacological effects in various diseases. Nevertheless, the safety or toxicity of this plant was still questionable for both short and long term use. The effective dose of this plant was also not known with certainty. Through this paper, the author wishes to summarize the various pharmacological and toxic effects that can be caused by Annona muricata based on the results of previous studies.Keywords: Annona Muricata, Soursop, Pharmacological Effects, Toxic Effects