Screening of Actinomycetes for dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors production

Hyperglycemia or high blood sugar is the most common cause of diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is the most common and fastest growing disease in the world. One of the therapies to treat diabetes is inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition by inhibitors. Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 is a membrane glycoprotein having serine exopeptidase activity, which is cleaves X-proline or X-Alanine residue at N-terminus of peptides. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 degrade glucagon-like peptide-1, which is the main cause for high blood glucose level, hence inhibitors of Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 have emerged as oral anti-diabetic agents. Microorganism, plant and chemical synthesis are sources of drugs. Actinomycetes are potential sources of enzyme inhibitors, drugs, amino acids, vitamins, pharmaceutical important chemicals etc. Present work mainly highlights the isolation of actinomycetes from soil samples and screening of extracts for dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition activity. Isolation of actinomycetes was carried out by different methods and pretreatments. Isolated actinomycetes grown in fermentation condition and broth extracted with Isopropyl alcohol and ethyl acetate and obtain solid material after evaporation of solvents. The metabolites of each isolate were tested for inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition using spectroscopic method. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity is measured by fluorescence of cleaved substrate, which is proportional to the enzymatic activity present. Total 130 actinomycetes strains were isolated. Among 130 extracts of actinomycetes, four extracts have shown positive results for dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition. The actinomycetes strains that produce inhibitory compounds are A-9, A-12, C-4 and D-6. These results show that actinomycetes are a potential source for dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, which may lead to valuable novel drugs for diabetic treatment.