Security Concerns in Smart Grid Cyber-Physical System

A smart grid cyber physical system (SG-CPS) is an optimal fusion of a power network infrastructure and cyber system based on a communicating network. The SG-CPS employs advanced technologies to deliver energy supply and provide flexible choices for prosumers. The SG-CPS uses multiple components in different units and this has given rise to more complexity in managing them. The reliable operation of any smart grid is necessary to enjoy uninterrupted services. As many smart devices are being used, more cyber-attacks are also targeted on smart grid cyber physical systems. The different types of attacks necessitate a broad security perspective to ensure safe services in the smart grid. The countermeasures for securing the smart grid have to be designed in all layers encompassing the cyber physical power system. If the power system is targeted then all the dependent devices will be at risk. A blackout scenario will cause more damage to industrial and household applications. Emerging technologies like Blockchain, AI, ML and IoT present a promising trend in the smart grid cyber-physical system. By predicting the power demand, supply can be adjusted automatically. Many such power system-related issues have smart solutions. In this chapter, we will first review the security challenges and attacks in the context of smart grid cyber-physical systems. Then the potential vulnerabilities to cyber-attack threats and risks in smart grid cyber-physical systems have been outlined. Finally, countermeasures for the security attack scenarios in SG-CPS are outlined.