Distracted Walking and Signal Violation Behavior at Urban Signalized Intersections: Evidence from a Mid-Sized Indian City

Pedestrian safety at signalized intersections remains a critical concern in rapidly growing urban environments, particularly in developing countries where behavioural compliance is often inconsistent. This study examines distracted walking and signal violation behaviour among pedestrians at urban signalized intersections in a mid-sized Indian city. Primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire survey of 462 pedestrians. The analysis investigates how demographic characteristics, mobile phone use, situational factors, and behavioural perceptions influence unsafe crossing decisions. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used to identify significant associations, while exploratory factor analysis was applied to determine underlying behavioural constructs. The results indicate that distraction due to mobile phone usage, perceived time urgency, gap acceptance behaviour, and reduced risk perception significantly contribute to signal non-compliance. The factor structure highlights dimensions related to impulsive decision-making and technology-induced distraction. The findings provide behavioural insights relevant to pedestrian safety management and contribute empirical evidence from an underrepresented urban context. The study supports the need for behaviour-oriented interventions and awareness strategies to improve pedestrian compliance at signalized intersections.