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MECHANISM OF IMMEDIATE JUDICIAL REVIEW AFTER DETENTION AT THE INVESTIGATION STAGE: A HUMAN RIGHTS PERSPECTIVE
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This study examined the provisions on detention during the investigative process as a coercive measure under the Draft of Criminal Procedure Code (RKUHAP). These provisions are deemed not fully aligned with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and its official interpretation in General Comment No. 35. The research employs a normative juridical methodology with a comparative approach, analyzing national legal norms against international standards. The findings reveal that the RKUHAP's detention provisions do not fully adhere to international human rights principles, particularly the state's obligation to prevent prolonged detention without independent judicial oversight. The principle of "promptly," as established in the ICCPR, underscores the importance of due process and acts as a safeguard against arbitrary detention. International standards require that suspects be presented before a judge within 48 hours of arrest, allowing for an assessment of the urgency and legality of the detention. General Comment No. 35 further explicates these technical provisions, highlighting the significance of judicial oversight in safeguarding individual liberty.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini menganalisis substansi ketentuan penahanan pada proses penyidikan sebagai salah satu bentuk upaya paksa yang diatur dalam Rancangan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (RKUHAP). Ketentuan tersebut dinilai belum sepenuhnya selaras dengan International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) serta penafsiran resminya dalam General Comment No. 35. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan komparatif, melalui analisis perbandingan antara norma hukum nasional dan standar HAM internasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan penahanan dalam RKUHAP belum sepenuhnya memenuhi prinsip hak asasi manusia internasional, khususnya terkait kewajiban negara untuk memastikan tidak adanya penahanan berkepanjangan tanpa pengawasan yudisial yang independen. Prinsip “segera” (promptly) dalam ICCPR merupakan jaminan atas tegaknya asas due process of law serta bentuk pencegahan terhadap penahanan sewenang-wenang. Standar internasional mewajibkan agar tersangka dihadapkan kepada hakim dalam jangka waktu maksimal 48 jam setelah penangkapan, dengan kehadiran fisik untuk menilai urgensi dan keabsahan penahanan apakah perlu dilakukan atau tidak. Ketentuan teknisnya dijelaskan dalam General Comment No. 35, yang menegaskan pentingnya kontrol yudisial sebagai perlindungan terhadap hak kebebasan individu.
Title: MECHANISM OF IMMEDIATE JUDICIAL REVIEW AFTER DETENTION AT THE INVESTIGATION STAGE: A HUMAN RIGHTS PERSPECTIVE
Description:
This study examined the provisions on detention during the investigative process as a coercive measure under the Draft of Criminal Procedure Code (RKUHAP).
These provisions are deemed not fully aligned with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) and its official interpretation in General Comment No.
35.
The research employs a normative juridical methodology with a comparative approach, analyzing national legal norms against international standards.
The findings reveal that the RKUHAP's detention provisions do not fully adhere to international human rights principles, particularly the state's obligation to prevent prolonged detention without independent judicial oversight.
The principle of "promptly," as established in the ICCPR, underscores the importance of due process and acts as a safeguard against arbitrary detention.
International standards require that suspects be presented before a judge within 48 hours of arrest, allowing for an assessment of the urgency and legality of the detention.
General Comment No.
35 further explicates these technical provisions, highlighting the significance of judicial oversight in safeguarding individual liberty.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini menganalisis substansi ketentuan penahanan pada proses penyidikan sebagai salah satu bentuk upaya paksa yang diatur dalam Rancangan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (RKUHAP).
Ketentuan tersebut dinilai belum sepenuhnya selaras dengan International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) serta penafsiran resminya dalam General Comment No.
35.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan komparatif, melalui analisis perbandingan antara norma hukum nasional dan standar HAM internasional.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan penahanan dalam RKUHAP belum sepenuhnya memenuhi prinsip hak asasi manusia internasional, khususnya terkait kewajiban negara untuk memastikan tidak adanya penahanan berkepanjangan tanpa pengawasan yudisial yang independen.
Prinsip “segera” (promptly) dalam ICCPR merupakan jaminan atas tegaknya asas due process of law serta bentuk pencegahan terhadap penahanan sewenang-wenang.
Standar internasional mewajibkan agar tersangka dihadapkan kepada hakim dalam jangka waktu maksimal 48 jam setelah penangkapan, dengan kehadiran fisik untuk menilai urgensi dan keabsahan penahanan apakah perlu dilakukan atau tidak.
Ketentuan teknisnya dijelaskan dalam General Comment No.
35, yang menegaskan pentingnya kontrol yudisial sebagai perlindungan terhadap hak kebebasan individu.
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