Assessment and Relationship of Elevated Serum Alanine Transaminase Level in Reference with Obesity

Imbalances between energy gained and exhausted results in abnormal fat accumulation in the tissues of human body and ultimately leads to obesity. Obese people vary not only in the quantity of extra fat that they store, but also in the local distribution of fat within the body. Proportions of obesity are increasing alarmingly in many portions of the world. Pakistan is ranked 9th among 188 countries in carrying obese population, in terms of absolute numbers. Alanine Transaminase is commonly used to identify patients with liver disease. This study was designed to access the level of alanine transaminase in obese subject in the population of Peshawar city, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. To carry out this survey 300 subjects was examined for body mass index. Blood samples from only obese patients were collected at RMI Hospital, Peshawar, from December 2018 to June 2019 after taking inform consent. Whole blood samples were collected by venipuncture technique in gel tube, after blood clotting and serum was extracted after centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes to analyze serum Alanine Aminotransferase level. Out of 300 cases, 148 (49.3%) cases were separated in the categories of obese individuals depending on body mass index values according to WHO criteria. Female with increased body mass index were 71 (48.0%) and 77 (52.0 %) were males. About 35 (46%) male patients showed elevated Alanine Aminotransferase level and 24 (33.8%) females. In both male and female with increase body mass index showed elevated serum Alanine Aminotransferase. From this study, it was concluded that there is relatively increase in serum Alanine Aminotransferase level with increase in body mass index and this raised enzyme levels is more common in obese males than obese females. Further study in this area with large sample size will be fruitful to find strong correlation between these two.