Identifikasi Perubahan Fenotip pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bawang Putih Lokal Eban (Allium sativum L.) yang diberi Perlakuan Kolkisin

Cholchisine is achemical mutagen that has been used to enhanced the quality of local garlic eban plant (Allium sativum L.). The method used in this research is an experimental method, namely colchicine treatment of garlic cloves. The colchicine treatments were used 5%, 10%, and 20%. The phenotypic characters observed were the percentage of shoot, shoot height, root length, number of growing cloves, plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, tuber wet weight, tuber dry weight tuber diameter and number of cloves. The results showed that there were phenotypic changes in the parameters (control, cholchisine 5 %,cholchisine 10 %, cholchisine 20 % respectively) namely plant height39.92 cm, 46.76 cm, 43.81 cm, 36.02 cm, number of leafs 6.8 leafs, 7.16 leafs,6.16 leafs, 6.4leafs, stem diameter 0.1 cm, 0.13 cm,0.1 cm, 0.1 cm, tuber wet weight1.97g,3.22 g, 2.19 g, 1.32 g, tuber dry weight1.74 g,2.63 g, 2.03 g, 1.09 g, tuber diameter1cm,1.4 cm, 1.2 cm, 0.94 cm, number of cloves2.4 cloves, 5.16 cloves, 3 cloves, 1 cloves/single, and root length at harvest4.04 cm,7.65 cm, 5.16 cm, 5.1 cm. The appropriate concentration of colchicine for phenotypic changes and increased yield of garlic was 5%. The conclusion of this study is the growth and yield of local Eban garlic showed good phenotype and yield at low concentrations of colchicine.