Evaluation of the effect of scaling and root planing on salivary and serum fetuin‐A levels in patients with Stages II and III periodontitis

AbstractBackgroundFetuin‐A has garnered recognition in the etiopathogenesis of several systemic disorders. It has been recently acknowledged as an anti‐inflammatory marker for periodontal disease. This study aimed to compare and correlate salivary and serum fetuin‐A levels in health and patients with stages II‐III periodontitis along with evaluating the effect of non‐surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on the same.MethodsGroup 1 comprised of 30 healthy subjects. Group 2 embodied 30 patients with stages II‐III periodontitis. Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded. Saliva and serum samples were assembled. Periodontitis patients received non‐surgical periodontal treatment. They were recalled after 6 months, and collection of samples and recording of clinical parameters were reiterated. Fetuin‐A levels were analyzed using ELISA.ResultsSalivary and serum fetuin‐A levels were significantly lower in periodontitis patients when compared with the healthy subjects (P < 0.001) at baseline. Their concentrations significantly upregulated 6 months after active periodontal therapy (P < 0.001). Salivary fetuin‐A levels revealed a significant positive correlation with their serum levels in Group 1 at baseline (P < 0.001). They also displayed a positive correlation in Group 2 at baseline and 6 months post periodontal therapy, nevertheless failed to establish a statistically significant association.Conclusion(s)Our study concluded that salivary and serum fetuin‐A levels diminished with increasing severity of periodontal inflammation, and NSPT remarkably improved their levels. They also displayed a significant positive correlation in health, and a non‐significant, yet positive correlation in patients with periodontitis.