Exploring Social and Economic Barriers to Combating Child Malnutrition: A Systematic Review of Mixed Method Studies

Abstract Background Malnutrition in children in India is a public health concern that is impacted by a range of factors making it crucial to comprehend these elements in order to create impactful strategies, for addressing malnutrition effectively. Aim This systematic review aims to explore the socioeconomic factors contributing to malnutrition among children in India, alongside identifying barriers and facilitators in addressing these issues. Methods A systematic review was conducted by reviewing qualitative, quantitate, and mixed methos studies to analyse research articles from 2015 to 2024 in respected academic journals focusing on children aged 1 to 18 years in India. Databases including PubMed, CINAHL and Google Scholar were searched using keywords related to malnutrition, socioeconomic factors and obstacles. Critical assessment was done using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) along with data analysis using thematical analysis approach. Results In total 20 studies were considered for analysis. They highlighted a number of themes related to malnutrition influenced by socioeconomic factors such, as household income and parental education levels as well as environmental conditions. Children from families with status tended to experience higher levels of underweight and growth stunting. Factors that hinder addressing malnutrition include literacy rates and cultural practices along with access, to resources whereas factors that support combating malnutrition include better maternal education and improved healthcare services. Conclusion The results highlight the issue of child malnutrition, in India which is influenced by social and economic factors​. To decrease malnutrition rates among children in India​, it is important to tackle these factors through tailored programs and better access, to implement policies that improve socioeconomic status and encourage maternal education could greatly reduce the prevalence of malnutrition​. PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD420251132555