Depression and anxiety disorders

This chapter discusses the frequent comorbidity of major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders with specific sleep disorders as well as associated changes in sleep architecture and sleep quality. It includes a review of several of the most common mood and anxiety disorders that are known to be associated with abnormalities in sleep: major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, and panic disorder. Changes in objective and subjective sleep parameters, including sleep architecture, sleep quality, and sleep quantity, are addressed in association with each psychiatric condition. The effects on sleep of medications used in the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders are also outlined. Finally, the chapter discusses the over-representation in these psychiatric conditions of many common sleep disorders, including insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, and delayed sleep phase disorder.