Étude de la phytodiversité et caractérisation de l’habitat de Teucrium polium L. (Lamiaceae) du mont de Tessala (Algérie occidentale)

The ecological study of Teucrium polium L. conducted at the Mount Tessala helped to highlight an important plant species richness. Eighty-eight (88) species in 32 botanical families, the most important and best represented being the Asteraceae, were identified in 13 sampling sites. The distribution of the species was quite heterogeneous. This variability was related to various environmental factors such as soil type, combined with anthropogenic activities. We also found that the most predominant biological type were therophytes (40 species or 45.45%). The flora of the region included several plant origin groups. It was distinguished by the presence of endemic species and the dominance of the Mediterranean species represented by 38 species. It appeared that Teucrium polium grows on calcareous soils, slightly alkaline and is indifferent to organic matter. Its habitat range is very broad (between 713m-995m) and its optimum development is located in the second class level (802m-880m) with a center of gravity of 2.04. It belongs to the species indicating medium altitudes.