Application of GIS

Surveillance and exchange of gathered information guides emergency response as well as long-term planning. In this paper we have discussed about the Open GIS, which can be very well utilized during different health hazards and in response to that some immediate actions can be taken up based on the available latest information in the said system. Open Source Web GIS software systems have reached a stage of maturity, sophistication, robustness and stability, and usability and user friendliness rivaling that of commercial, proprietary GIS and Web GIS server products. The Open Source Web GIS community is also actively embracing OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) standards, including WMS (Web Map Service). WMS enables the creation of Web maps that have layers coming from multiple different remote servers/sources. Here we present one easy to implement .Web GIS server solution that is based on the Open Source Map Server. With the help of step-by-step instructions, interested readers running mainstream machines and with no prior technical experience in Web GIS or Internet map servers will be able to publish their own health maps on the Web and add to those maps additional layers retrieved from Remote WMS servers. All problems with planning and management are related to location, they are geographically referenced and require spatial analysis and presentation, an Open GIS on any compatible GIS platform will be very helpful tool for planning and decision making in emergency management. The geographical information system (GIS) is a tool used generically for any computer based capability for manipulating geographical data. The hardware and software functions of GIS include data input, data storage, data management (data manipulation, updating, changing, exchange) and data reporting (retrieval, presentation, analysis, combination, etc.).All of these actions and operations are applied to GIS as a tool that forms its database. The paper describes the types of the GIS data formats (vector, raster), database object definitions, relationships, geometric features, and the data organization structure. Some GIS applications and examples are given for better understanding of how GIS data can be used in GIS applications, with the respect to data formats, including surface elevation and slope from Digital Elevation Model data (DEM), with the applicability in water industry.