USSR CAMPAIGNS FOR RAISING VIRGIN AND FALLOW LANDS 1954-1969 ON THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE ISSUE (ESSAY)

the article examines the development of the historiography of the virgin lands campaign conducted in the 1954-1969's. It is noted that the national historiography consists of three stages. The first two occur during the Soviet era. The first one is characterized by an ideological justification for the correctness of the steps taken, while the second one oppositely points to the voluntarism and adventurism of the transformations carried out. These contradictions are connected with the ideological and political course of the Communist Party. The modern stage of historiography is characterized by the appearance of two polar directions at the end and the course of the virgin epic. Modern Kazakh historiography points to the ambiguity of the virgin land campaign, recognizing not only mistakes, but also noting the positive impact on the development of the economy of the Kazakh USSR. Western historiography focuses primarily on the fact that the virgin land campaign was another manifestation of the unviability of the Soviet development model.