Case report: Successful rescue of an adult patient with diquat poisoning complicated by rhabdomyolysis and compartment syndrome

Abstract Objective To summarize the clinical experience of successfully treating a patient with diquat poisoning complicated by rhabdomyolysis and compartment syndrome at Nanyang Central Hospital, and to provide references for the diagnosis, treatment, and early identification of complications of such severe poisoning. Methods The clinical data of 1 patient with diquat poisoning combined with multiple complications were retrospectively analyzed. After the patient took diquat voluntarily, he first received basic treatments such as gastric lavage and catharsis at a local hospital, and was transferred to our hospital due to critical condition. Relevant examinations were completed after admission, and the patient was diagnosed with diquat poisoning, acute kidney injury, and rhabdomyolysis; compartment syndrome was identified in a timely manner subsequently. The treatment included hemoperfusion combined with hemofiltration, decompressive fasciotomy, and symptomatic supportive treatment throughout the course. Results After comprehensive treatment, the patient’s poisoning symptoms were controlled, the indicators related to acute kidney injury and rhabdomyolysis returned to normal, compartment syndrome was effectively relieved, limb function was preserved, and the patient was finally cured and discharged without serious sequelae. Conclusion Cases of diquat poisoning complicated by rhabdomyolysis and compartment syndrome are rare and life-threatening. Early definite diagnosis, timely application of blood purification therapy to remove toxins, and vigilance and early intervention of complications (such as decompressive fasciotomy for compartment syndrome) are the keys to improving the success rate of treatment and achieving limb salvage. Clinicians should attach great importance to the comprehensive treatment and complication monitoring of such severe poisoning.