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Consumer behavior respect to the Marketing Mix in the market of semi-finished and finished cocoa products

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The objective of this study was to describe consumer behavior in relation to the elements of the marketing mix: product and communication in the market of semi-finished and finished products in the city of Quito-Ecuador. The methodology used was descriptive, quantitative, and bibliographic with a transversal cut, an online survey was applied to the Economically Active Population of the city of Quito with tastes and interests in semi-finished and finished cocoa products. The results showed the trends and preferences of consumers for innovative products with biodegradable characteristics and regarding communication, their inclination on digital communication, mainly through social networks. In addition, it was determined that there are a large number of consumers abroad since export data are high. Keywords: Marketing, marketing mix, cocoa market. References [1]FAO. (2020, junio 24). "El encanto del chocolate de origen ecuatoriano". [Online]. Available: http://www.fao.org/ecuador/noticias/detail-events/ru/c/1295417/. [2]ANECACAO. (2021, septiembre 22). Quiénes somos: ANECACAO. [Online]. Available: http://www.anecacao.com/es/quienes-somos/cacao-nacional.html.[3]M. Quintero y K. Díaz. "El mercado mundial del cacao". Agroalimentaria, pp. 47-59, 2004. [Online]. Disponible en: http://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1316-03542004000100004. [4]ESPAE. "Estudios Industriales: Orientación estratégica para la toma de decisiones – Industria de Cacao". Guayaquil, 2016. [Online]. Available: https://www.espae.edu.ec/publicaciones/estudios-industriales-orientacion-estrategica-para-la-toma-de-decisiones-industria-de-cacao/. [5]L. Fischer and J. Espejo. Mercadotecnia. 4º edición. México, D.F: McGraw-Hill, 2011. [6]M. Raiteri. "El comportamiento del consumidor actual". Trabajo de investigación, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. 2016. [Online]. Available: https://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/fichas.php?idobjeto=8046. [7]M. Išoraitė. "Marketing mix theorical aspects". IJRG, pp. 25-37, 2016. [Online]. Available: https://www.granthaalayahpublication.org/journals/index.php/granthaalayah/article/view/IJRG16_C06_07/2505. [8]J. Serna, G. Echeverri and L. Restrepo. "Marketing mix y las nuevas tendencias: una mirada desde las ciencias duras". EET, pp.177-191, 2013. [Online]. Available: https://revistas.esumer.edu.co/index.php/escenarios/article/view/99. [9]P. Kotler and K. Keller. Dirección de marketing. 14ª ed. México: Pearson educación, 2012. [10] T. Suárez. "Evolución del marketing 1.0 al 4.0". RRAMA, pp. 209-227, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=6748137. [11]P. Kotler, H. Kartajaya and I. Setiawan. Marketing 4.0: Moving from traditional to digital. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2017. [12]M. Espuga. "Estrategias de marketing en un biblioteca pública de suburbio: biblioteca font de la mina". EPI, pp. 39-43,2015. [Online]. Available: https://revista.profesionaldelainformacion.com/index.php/EPI/article/view/epi.2015.ene.05/17755. [13]M. Blunt, C. Teller, and A. Floh. "Testing Retail Marketing-Mix Effects on Patronage: A Meta-Analysis". JOR, pp. 113-135, 2018. [14]D. Van der Bend, T. Jakstas, E. Van Kleef, and V. Shrewsbury. 2021. "Making sense of adolescent-targeted social media food marketing: A qualitative study of expert views on key definitions, priorities, and challenges". APPETITIVE, vol. 168, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195666321005985. [15]A. E. Ramón and C. Segovia. Comunicación Integrada de Marketing. Madrid: ESIC, 2016. [16]V. León, J.C. Erazo, C. Narváez and J. Bautista. "Marketing mix de servicios de valor agregado de última milla. Valor y trascendencia de las 4 P". VD, pp.145-172, 2019. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.33262/visionariodigital.v3i2.2.628. [17]J. P. Peter and P. Olson. Comportamiento del consumidor y estrategia de marketing. México, D.F: McGraw-Hill, 2006. [18]R. Hernández. Metodología de la investigación. 6ª ed. México: McGraw-Hill, 2014. [19]INEC. "Censo de población y vivienda 2010". Censo poblacional, Ecuador, 2010. [Online]. Available: https://www.ecuadorencifras.gob.ec/base-de-datos-censo-de-poblacion-y-vivienda-2010/. [20]SNI. "Sistema Nacional de Información. Indicadores económicos". 2010.  [Online]. Available: http://indestadistica. sni.gob.ec/QvAJAXZfc/opendoc.htm?document=SNI.qvw&host=QVS@kukuri&anonymous=truehttp://indestadistica.sni.gob.ec/QvAJAXZfc/opendoc.htm?document=SNI.qvw&host=QVS@kukuri&anonymous=-true&bookmark=Document/BM40. [Last access: October 10th, 2021]. [21]M. González, M. Flores, and T. García. "Dinámica de la producción y comercialización del cacao ecuatoriano. Un enfoque en la provincia del Oro". Machala:UTMACH, 2018. [22] MAGAP. "Estudio de hábitos de consumo de chocolate en el Ecuador". Ecuador, 2016. [23]J. Concha. "El efecto país de origen en marcas dominantes". PYG, pp.122-141, 2015. [Online]. Available: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1657-62762015000200008. [24]C. Cortés. "Envases inteligentes". Universidad Andrés Bello. 2017. [Online]. Disponible en: http://repositorio.unab.cl/xmlui/handle/ria/4352. [25]L. Peng, M. Johnstone, and L. Yang. "Barriers to green consumption behaviors: The roles of consumers’ green perceptions". AMJ, 2016. [Online]. Available: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ausmj.2016.08.001. [26]T. A. Monteiro, A. Giuliani, J. Cavazos and N. Kassouf. "Mezcla del marketing verde: una perspectiva teórica". CDC, pp 103-126, 2016. [Online]. Available:https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/462/46243484005.pdf. [27]C. Dhaoui and C.M. Webster. "Brand and consumer engagement behaviors on Facebook brand pages: Let's have a (positive) conversation". IJRM, pp. 155-175,2018. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2020.06.005.
Title: Consumer behavior respect to the Marketing Mix in the market of semi-finished and finished cocoa products
Description:
The objective of this study was to describe consumer behavior in relation to the elements of the marketing mix: product and communication in the market of semi-finished and finished products in the city of Quito-Ecuador.
The methodology used was descriptive, quantitative, and bibliographic with a transversal cut, an online survey was applied to the Economically Active Population of the city of Quito with tastes and interests in semi-finished and finished cocoa products.
The results showed the trends and preferences of consumers for innovative products with biodegradable characteristics and regarding communication, their inclination on digital communication, mainly through social networks.
In addition, it was determined that there are a large number of consumers abroad since export data are high.
Keywords: Marketing, marketing mix, cocoa market.
References [1]FAO.
(2020, junio 24).
"El encanto del chocolate de origen ecuatoriano".
[Online].
Available: http://www.
fao.
org/ecuador/noticias/detail-events/ru/c/1295417/.
[2]ANECACAO.
(2021, septiembre 22).
Quiénes somos: ANECACAO.
[Online].
Available: http://www.
anecacao.
com/es/quienes-somos/cacao-nacional.
html.
[3]M.
Quintero y K.
Díaz.
"El mercado mundial del cacao".
Agroalimentaria, pp.
47-59, 2004.
[Online].
Disponible en: http://ve.
scielo.
org/scielo.
php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1316-03542004000100004.
[4]ESPAE.
"Estudios Industriales: Orientación estratégica para la toma de decisiones – Industria de Cacao".
Guayaquil, 2016.
[Online].
Available: https://www.
espae.
edu.
ec/publicaciones/estudios-industriales-orientacion-estrategica-para-la-toma-de-decisiones-industria-de-cacao/.
[5]L.
Fischer and J.
Espejo.
Mercadotecnia.
4º edición.
México, D.
F: McGraw-Hill, 2011.
[6]M.
Raiteri.
"El comportamiento del consumidor actual".
Trabajo de investigación, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo.
2016.
[Online].
Available: https://bdigital.
uncu.
edu.
ar/fichas.
php?idobjeto=8046.
[7]M.
Išoraitė.
"Marketing mix theorical aspects".
IJRG, pp.
25-37, 2016.
[Online].
Available: https://www.
granthaalayahpublication.
org/journals/index.
php/granthaalayah/article/view/IJRG16_C06_07/2505.
[8]J.
Serna, G.
Echeverri and L.
Restrepo.
"Marketing mix y las nuevas tendencias: una mirada desde las ciencias duras".
EET, pp.
177-191, 2013.
[Online].
Available: https://revistas.
esumer.
edu.
co/index.
php/escenarios/article/view/99.
[9]P.
Kotler and K.
Keller.
Dirección de marketing.
14ª ed.
México: Pearson educación, 2012.
[10] T.
Suárez.
"Evolución del marketing 1.
0 al 4.
0".
RRAMA, pp.
209-227, 2018.
[Online].
Available: https://dialnet.
unirioja.
es/servlet/articulo?codigo=6748137.
[11]P.
Kotler, H.
Kartajaya and I.
Setiawan.
Marketing 4.
0: Moving from traditional to digital.
New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2017.
[12]M.
Espuga.
"Estrategias de marketing en un biblioteca pública de suburbio: biblioteca font de la mina".
EPI, pp.
39-43,2015.
[Online].
Available: https://revista.
profesionaldelainformacion.
com/index.
php/EPI/article/view/epi.
2015.
ene.
05/17755.
[13]M.
Blunt, C.
Teller, and A.
Floh.
"Testing Retail Marketing-Mix Effects on Patronage: A Meta-Analysis".
JOR, pp.
113-135, 2018.
[14]D.
Van der Bend, T.
Jakstas, E.
Van Kleef, and V.
Shrewsbury.
2021.
"Making sense of adolescent-targeted social media food marketing: A qualitative study of expert views on key definitions, priorities, and challenges".
APPETITIVE, vol.
168, 2022.
[Online].
Available: https://www.
sciencedirect.
com/science/article/pii/S0195666321005985.
[15]A.
E.
Ramón and C.
Segovia.
Comunicación Integrada de Marketing.
Madrid: ESIC, 2016.
[16]V.
León, J.
C.
Erazo, C.
Narváez and J.
Bautista.
"Marketing mix de servicios de valor agregado de última milla.
Valor y trascendencia de las 4 P".
VD, pp.
145-172, 2019.
[Online].
Available: https://doi.
org/10.
33262/visionariodigital.
v3i2.
2.
628.
[17]J.
P.
Peter and P.
Olson.
Comportamiento del consumidor y estrategia de marketing.
México, D.
F: McGraw-Hill, 2006.
[18]R.
Hernández.
Metodología de la investigación.
6ª ed.
México: McGraw-Hill, 2014.
[19]INEC.
"Censo de población y vivienda 2010".
Censo poblacional, Ecuador, 2010.
[Online].
Available: https://www.
ecuadorencifras.
gob.
ec/base-de-datos-censo-de-poblacion-y-vivienda-2010/.
[20]SNI.
"Sistema Nacional de Información.
Indicadores económicos".
2010.
 [Online].
Available: http://indestadistica.
sni.
gob.
ec/QvAJAXZfc/opendoc.
htm?document=SNI.
qvw&host=QVS@kukuri&anonymous=truehttp://indestadistica.
sni.
gob.
ec/QvAJAXZfc/opendoc.
htm?document=SNI.
qvw&host=QVS@kukuri&anonymous=-true&bookmark=Document/BM40.
[Last access: October 10th, 2021].
[21]M.
González, M.
Flores, and T.
García.
"Dinámica de la producción y comercialización del cacao ecuatoriano.
Un enfoque en la provincia del Oro".
Machala:UTMACH, 2018.
[22] MAGAP.
"Estudio de hábitos de consumo de chocolate en el Ecuador".
Ecuador, 2016.
[23]J.
Concha.
"El efecto país de origen en marcas dominantes".
PYG, pp.
122-141, 2015.
[Online].
Available: http://www.
scielo.
org.
co/scielo.
php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1657-62762015000200008.
[24]C.
Cortés.
"Envases inteligentes".
Universidad Andrés Bello.
2017.
[Online].
Disponible en: http://repositorio.
unab.
cl/xmlui/handle/ria/4352.
[25]L.
Peng, M.
Johnstone, and L.
Yang.
"Barriers to green consumption behaviors: The roles of consumers’ green perceptions".
AMJ, 2016.
[Online].
Available: http://dx.
doi.
org/10.
1016/j.
ausmj.
2016.
08.
001.
[26]T.
A.
Monteiro, A.
Giuliani, J.
Cavazos and N.
Kassouf.
"Mezcla del marketing verde: una perspectiva teórica".
CDC, pp 103-126, 2016.
[Online].
Available:https://www.
redalyc.
org/pdf/462/46243484005.
pdf.
[27]C.
Dhaoui and C.
M.
Webster.
"Brand and consumer engagement behaviors on Facebook brand pages: Let's have a (positive) conversation".
IJRM, pp.
155-175,2018.
[Online].
Available: https://doi.
org/10.
1016/j.
ijresmar.
2020.
06.
005.

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