Xylopia aethiopica and Hyalophora Cecropia Cecropins: A Potent Combination against Cholera Pathogens

The rise of antibiotic-resistant Vibrio cholerae strains has worsened cholera treatment outcomes, necessitating alternative antimicrobial agents. Xylopia aethiopica and Hyalophora cecropia cecropins have shown promise, but their combined efficacy against cholera pathogens is unknown, highlighting a need for research on this potent combination. This study aimed to characterize V. cholerae isolates and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Xylopia aethiopica extract against these isolates, alone and in combination with cecropins. V. cholerae isolates were characterized using cultural, morphological, and biochemical tests. Molecular identification was performed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The phytochemical constituents of X. aethiopica extract were analyzed, and its antimicrobial activity was assessed using the disc diffusion method. Three V. cholerae O1 biovar El Tor strains (C6709/VCC6, P27459/VCP2, E7946/VCE7)) were identified, exhibiting characteristic cultural, morphological, and biochemical features. The X. aethiopica extract contained alkaloids, phenolics, and flavonoids. The ethanolic extract (EEX) showed higher inhibition zones against the V. cholerae isolates compared to the aqueous extract (AEX). The combination of X. aethiopica extract with cecropins (CP) showed enhanced antimicrobial activity, with EEX+CP exhibiting the highest inhibition zones (21.50-25.30 mm). Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in inhibition zones (p < 0.05). The study suggests that X. aethiopica extract has antimicrobial activity against V. cholerae isolates, and its combination with cecropins enhances the inhibitory effect. This study provides valuable data on the antimicrobial activity of X. aethiopica extract against V. cholerae isolates, highlighting its potential as a natural antimicrobial agent against cholera