High performance rGO–Bi₂O₃–V₂O₅ ternary nanocomposite synthesized via hydrothermal method for supercapacitor application

In the exploration of excellent performance of energy storage solutions, this study reports the robust synthesis and electrochemical characterization of a ternary nanocomposite material consisting of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3), vanadium pentoxide (V2O5), Bismuth vanadium nanocomposite (BiVO4) and rGO-Bi2O3-V2O5 nanocomposite. The as prepared samples were characterized by its structural and morphologic analysis using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) which verified the creation of a polycrystalline heterostructure. The compilation of rGO was constitute to beneficially hinder nanoparticle agglomeration, resulting in a smaller crystallite size of 22.93 nm for the rGO-nanocomposite compared to the pure oxides. The Electrochemical characterization involving cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge – discharge (GCD) analysis depicted a superior performance of rGO-Bi2O3-V2O5 nanocomposite by its synergistic possessions of rGO and the redox-active metal oxides. The rGO-Bi2O3-V2O5 nanocomposite attained outstanding performance of 1369 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g, evidently surpass the pure V2O5 (363.18 F/g), Bi2O3 (350.43 F/g) and BiVO4 (487.9 F/g). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of rGO-Bi2O3-V2O5 nanocomposite displays a low equivalent series resistance of 0.99 Ω. Remarkably, post-cycling EIS analysis performed with noticeable decrement in charge transfer (Rct) and Diffusion resistance. These results justify that the rGO-Bismuth-Vanadium nanocomposite is a promising electrode material for future generation supercapacitor by its synergetic combination of excellent power density, rate capability and structural stability.