Impact of Land Disputes on Rural Poverty and Community Development in Abia State, Nigeria

Land disputes in Nigeria, particularly in Abia State, have severe socioeconomic consequences, devastating communities and hindering human capital and infrastructure development. This study reviews existing literature on the impact of land disputes on rural poverty and community development in Abia State, employing historical and descriptive research design based on qualitative data collection and analysis methods. The findings reveal that land disputes are a pervasive issue in Abia State, caused by various interconnected factors, including ambiguities in customary land tenure, territorial boundary conflicts, succession-related conflicts, land acquisition and development-related disputes, and inadequacies in land administration. These disputes have led to reduced agricultural productivity, food insecurity, and poverty among rural households. To address land disputes in Abia State, the government should enhance land administration by investing in digital registration systems and training administrators. Additionally, establishing alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, such as community-based mediation centers, can help resolve disputes amicably. Promoting sustainable land use practices, like agroforestry and conservation agriculture, and supporting community-led land use planning can also prevent conflicts. Finally, improving access to essential resources, including land, water, and credit facilities, is vital to reduce poverty and improve agricultural productivity.