Functional heterogeneity between NKR-P1bright/Lycopersicon esculentum lectin (L.E.)bright and NKR-P1bright/L.E.dim subpopulations of rat natural killer cells

Abstract In this report, we present data on heterogeneity of rat NK cells utilizing a combination of antibody and lectin-binding characteristics. Among NKR-P1bright NK cells, two discrete populations characterized as Lycopersicon esculentum lectin (L.E.)bright (60 to 80%) and L.E.dim (20 to 40%) were identified by flow cytometry. Comparison of the morphology of sorted NKR-P1bright/L.E.bright and NKR-P1bright/L.E.dim cells indicated that both were greater than 90% LGL. An analysis of the functional capabilities of the sub-populations indicated that NKR-P1bright/L.E.bright NK cells were more efficient in lysis of YAC-1 target cells (1743 LU20/10(7) cells) than were NKR-P1bright/L.E.dim cells (504 LU20/10(7) cells). Conversely, NKR-P1bright/L.E.dim NK cells were much more efficient at lysis of antibody-sensitized erythrocytes (antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)) (1412 LU20/10(7) cells) than were NKR-P1bright/L.E.bright cells (165 LU20/10(7) cells). Lysis of antibody sensitized P815 target cells yielded similar results as NKR-P1bright/L.E.dim cells and NKR-P1bright/L.E.bright cells had 905 LU20/10(7) and 189 LU20/10(7), respectively. Additional experiments indicated that NKR-P1bright/L.E.bright NK cells had the capacity to trigger lytic activity via NKR-P1 whereas NKR-P1bright/L.E.dim NK cells did not. NKR-P1bright/L.E.bright sorted cells had a greater capacity to form conjugates with YAC-1 target cells than did NKR-P1bright/L.E.dim sorted cells. Conversely, NKR-P1bright/L.E.dim NK cells were demonstrated to form E-A rosettes whereas the NKR-P1bright/L.E.bright NK cells were not. Additional experiments indicated that tomato lectin itself was not responsible for the differences in reverse ADCC activity or ADCC activity among the subsets. However, lysis of YAC-1 target cells was modulated to some degree by the lectin. These data indicate that NKR-P1bright/L.E.bright and NKR-P1bright/L.E.dim subpopulations of rat NK cells have different capacities for: 1) triggering through NKR-P1; and 2) E-A rosette formation and lysis of antibody-sensitized target cells by ADCC.