Multidrug-resistant Organisms in Urinary Tract Infections in Bangladeshi Children

Background: The incidence of antibiotic-resistant urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children, particularly multidrug-resistant (MDR) UTIs, is increasing day by day. Aims: The aim of this article is to describe the incidence of MDR UTIs in a pediatric population of Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, observational study was carried out by the Microbiology Department of Sylhet Women’s Medical College, Sylhet and Department of Pediatrics, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh. We reviewed the data record software of Microbiology Department of Sylhet Women’s Medical College and Popular Diagnostic Centre, Sylhet from April 2021 to October 2021 and collected all the urine culture-positive reports with symptom (UTI) and without symptom (asymptomatic bacteriuria) of children (0–18 years) and antibiotic sensitivity to different organisms. Patients with incomplete data were excluded from this study. A total of 39 patients were evaluated, and data were entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed by SPSS software. This study got ethical approval from Departmental Review Board of Sylhet Women’s Medical College, Sylhet, Bangladesh. Results: Thirty-nine patients, including 13 (33.3%) males and 26 (66.7%) females, were included in this study, with a 1.92:1 female-to-male ratio. The mean age was 100.5 months (SD 90.5 months). MDR organism was identified in 23 patients (55%). Escherichia coli was the most common organism, found in 23 (59%) of the cultures, with the next being Klebsiella spp. 12 (30.8%), Enterococcus spp. 2 (5.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1 (2.6%), and Staphylococcus aureus 1 (2.6%). About 48% of E. coli, 75% of Klebsiella, 100% of Enterococcus, and 100% of Pseudomonas were MDR. Imipenem is 100% sensitive and linezolid is 100% resistant. Among the oral drugs, nitrofurantoin had less resistance. Conclusion: The majority of UTIs in children are MDR, with E. coli being the most common organism.