9 HYPERURICEMIA AND RISK OF HYPERTENSION RESISTANT TO THERAPY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Background: Hypertension is a common public health problem throughout the world. One of the most common risk factors of hypertension is hyperuricemia. However, there are limited data for the effect of hyperuricemia in hypertension undergoing therapy. The objective of this study is to discover the relationship between hyperuricemia and the risk for resistant hypertension. Methods: Systematic literature search was conducted based on the PRISMA flow diagram, from PubMed, PubMed Central, Cochrane, and Google Scholar with keywords. “hyperuricemia”, “uncontrolled hypertension”, “resistant hypertension”, and “hypertension”. Data extraction was done and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the study quality. The data was then analyzed using Revman 5.4.1 (Cochrane). Results: Four selected cohort studies with a total of 8247 patients. All of the included studies have good quality. From the data analysis, we found that hyperuricemia increased the odds of hypertension becoming resistant to therapy (OR: 2.29 [95% CI 1.26, 4.14]; p: 0.006). Forest plot showed the data was evenly distributed. Conclusion: Hyperuricemia increases the risk of hypertension being resistant to therapy. Therefore, uric acid levels should be controlled in hypertensive patients to optimize the effect of hypertension therapy.