CLINICAL & HISTOMORPHOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF LESIONS IN HYSTERECTOMY SPECIMENS: A 2-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

Introduction: Hysterectomy is one of the major gynaecological surgeries, commonly performed throughout the world with varied prevalence rate among various countries. The objective of this study is to observe the incidence of different pathologies in hysterectomy specimens in different age groups and corelate with preoperative diagnosis. Material and methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in the Department of Pathology& Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology. We included a total of 200 hysterectomy specimens operated for gynaecologicalproblems from January 2020 to December 2022. Clinical data about age, reproductive status, history, clinical diagnosis and type of surgical intervention were recorded from patient's le obtained from medical records department. All the specimens were xed in 10% formalin and tissue sections were taken for processing and parafn block preparation. Sections were stained with haematoxylin & eosin stain and examined for a detailed histopathological evaluation to study the various pathologies in the hysterectomy specimen. Results:In our study involving 200 cases, most common age group that underwent hysterectomy was 40-49 years. The most common clinical presentation was uterovaginal prolapse in 68% of cases followed by dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) in 31% of cases and uterine broids in 15% of cases. Vaginal hysterectomy was the most commonly performed procedure in our series. Most of the pathological lesions were seen in myometrium & cervixin 80-90% of cases followed by endometrium. Most of the cases were benign followed by premalignant lesion (12%) of cases and only 3% of cases shows malignancy which includes two cases of endometrial carcinoma and one case of adeno-squamous carcinoma of cervix. Few rare ndings were also noted in our series like struma ovarii, xantho-granulomatous salpingitis & oophoritis. Conclusion The most common indication for hysterectomy in the perimenopausal group and post-menopausal age group is Uterovaginal prolapse and abnormal uterine bleeding. Leiomyomas and adenomyosis were most frequent pathologies seen on histopathological analysis in the reproductive age group and pre-menopausal age group while in post-menopausal premalignant and malignant lesions were common. This study highlights the importance of clinical & histopathological ndings in hysterectomy specimens and describe few rare entities to add to our medical literature