Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of Dichorionic Versus Monochorionic Diamniotic Twin Pregnancies: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract Background Twin pregnancies are at higher risk of maternal complications compared to singleton pregnancies including preterm labor, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, hypertensive disorders of pregnancies, antepartum hemorrhage, and postpartum hemorrhage. In addition to the risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality that is significantly higher in MC compared to DC twins. Fetal growth restriction complicated 20 – 30% of twin pregnancies. While preterm birth before 37 weeks - gestation occurs in up to 60%. Prematurity is the most important factor for the higher perinatal mortality and morbidity in twins. However, when adjusted for gestational age, perinatal mortality has been reported to be lower among preterm twins than among singletons. Aims and Objectives To compare the maternal and perinatal outcomes in Dichorionic to Monochorionic Diamniotic twin pregnancies at the timing of delivery. Subjects and Methods This was cohort study, was conducted on 50 pregnant women at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital. All women were subjected to Detailed History, Physical Examination, and Investigation, and, assessment of the outcome. Results There was no significant results in perinatal and maternal outcomes between MCDA and DCDA twins, however perinatal outcomes are worse in MCDA than in DCDA twins, except for in preterm labor, however most of these results were statistically insignificant, while regarding maternal outcomes Conclusion The study found that maternal and perinatal outcomes in dichorionic and monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies were largely similar, with no significant differences observed in key demographic, obstetric, pregnancy-related, and neonatal factors. These findings suggest that chorionicity may not play a decisive role in determining the outcomes of twin pregnancies, although further research could help to clarify any subtle differences that might exist. Consequently, twin pregnancies, especially MC twins, should have individualized care plans that account for the specific risks posed by chorionicity. Such plans should include decisions about the timing of delivery, the use of corticosteroids to promote fetal lung development, and preterm birth prevention strategies.