ABU NAWAS AL-HASSAN BIN HANI, BETWEEN AL-AKKAD AND AL-NUWEHI, AN APPROACH TO THE REPRESENTATION OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL METHOD

Modern Arab theory is based on the evocation of contextual occidental approaches that are out of text. Here, signs of critical modernity began in the reading of traditional Arabic texts, and one of the most important texts around which the readings revolved was the text of Abu Nawas, symbol of textual modernity for Arabs, as demonstrated by Adonis. This research paper seeks to find the balance between the two Arab readings that invoked the psychological approach to enlighten the text of Abu Nawas, the reading of Abbas Mahmoud Al-Akkad marked "Abu Nawas Al-Hassan Bin Hani", which is famous for studying biography and genius in which the personality key was followed as a tool from which it can penetrate into its depth and thought, and the study of Muhammad Al-Nohi’s “The Psychology of Abu Nawas”, which is a unique modern critic in his critical view, began to define literature as «the supreme fruit of the experiences of human life», his study preceded Akkad’s study by nine months, and both were in the same year 1953, This justifies the legitimacy of the balance between them on the one hand, and calls for an examination of the effects of comparison within the Arab critical theory, which has been influenced by Western theories, and which are given by the Freudian incubator. The comparison that the intervention intends to make is descriptive speech (meta critical). As for the problem posed by the research paper, consists in: What are the paradoxes that a single psychological approach poses to the multiplicity of readers and to the unity of the method? Al-Akkad relied on the dictum of narcissism to decompose Abu Nawas’s personality, and psychologists took this word (narcissism) to denote the associated bodily discomfort and sexual lust, and to signify a person’s infatuation with his body and desire for sexual lust, he feels like an image of himself, which completes his composition and all the imperfections he feels, according to Shawqi Deif. Based on the complex of narcissism, Al-Akkad explained the manifestations of the complex in what was called Autoimmune and self-envy, while Al-Noaihi went to the complex of Oedipus and inferred it with textual evidence under the name: the sexual replacement of a mother with wine and the sublimation expressed in the poetic work. We note here that the Arab critical theory stopped with these two writers, and that it did not use the developments of the psychological structural approach as presented by Jacque Lacan, his works not yet being translated into Arabic ‎. Keywords: Abu Nawas, Al-Akkad, Al-Noaihi, Psychological Method, Critical Theory