Halophilic bacteria Bacillus altitudinis MIM2 producing bioactive melanin isolated from Mundra port, Kutch, Gujarat, India

Abstract Melanins are ubiquitous black or brown color pigments exhibiting a wide variety of bioactivities. They are stable and insoluble in nature. Melanin are industrially important pigment currently used in cosmetics, medicine and pharmaceuticals, industries. Bacteria mainly produce three types of melanin namely, Eumelanin, pheomelanin and pyomelanin which is usually extracellularly secreted. This makes the downstream processing of bacterial melanin easier. Stress conditions like salt stress, radiation stress etc. triggers the bacteria to produce melanin and several bacterial species were found to produce melanin under different stress induced conditions. In this present study we had isolated melanin producing bacteria from saline sediment sample of Mundra port, Kutch region of Gujarat state of India. The melanin producing bacteria was characterized using staining, biochemical and molecular methods. The melanin produced was extracted and analyzed using physicochemical techniques. The extracted melanin had shown good anti-bacterial and radical scavenging activity. To our knowledge, this is the first report on Bacillus altitudinis producing melanin.