Koku Universe v3: Gravity as a Temporal Gradient and the Infinite Space Model of the Riemann Koku-Face

<pre><code>This paper presents the third version of the Koku Universe model, a geometric reinterpretation of time, gravity, and energy. Three core propositions are established: (1) Time is defined as the inter-layer interval between successive Koku-faces; (2) Gravity emerges as a temporal pressure gradient between hierarchical time layers, consistent with general relativistic time dilation; (3) The Koku-face possesses a Riemannian spherical topology in which the center C and all points on the circumference converge to the same point, yielding an infinite-space model from a zero-radius structure. This framework is structurally consistent with Einstein's field equations and Penrose's Conformal Cyclic Cosmology (CCC), while offering a distinct geometric language grounded in intuitive first principles. The author notes that the central diagram of this model was originally designed as a New Year's card in his twenties, predating the formal theoretical language by approximately 30 years.</code></pre>