Secondary metabolites, antiradical and antibacterial activities of Pteleopsis leaves and trunk bark suberosa, plant used in Benin to treat toothache

Among the most common health problems worldwide, toothache is often cited and is often treated with herbal medicines to relieve the pain and inflammation associated with it. The present work reports the preliminary phytochemical analysis, antiradical and antibacterial activities of leaves and trunk bark of Pteleopsis suberosa, a plant highly sought after in traditional medicine in Benin to treat toothache. Secondary metabolites were identified by staining and precipitation reactions specific to each metabolite family. Total phenols were determined by the Folin Ciocalteu method. The aluminum trichloride method was used to quantify total flavonoids, while the determination of condensed tannins was carried out by the hydrochloric vanillin method. The antiradical activity of the extracts was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl and the antibacterial activity by the dilution method in microplates and Petri dishes. Leaves and bark of Pteleopsis suberosa trunk contain tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanins, leuco-anthocyanins, a reducing compound. Ethanol extract of Pteleopsis leaves suberosa (IC 50 =0.0015 μg / μL) showed more interesting anti-radical activity than butylhydroxytoluene (IC 50 =0.012μg/ μL), butylated hydroxyanisole (IC 50 =0.016μg/ μL) and Trolox (IC 50 =0.013 μg/ μL). The ethanolic extract of the bark of the trunk of Pteleopsis suberosa showed bactericidal activity against the Staphylococcus aureus strain.