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Infectious diseases surveillance system in Nigeria: Lesson from COVID-19 pandemic
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Nigeria has seen outbreaks of multiple infectious diseases, a major
public health concern, in the past ten years, including the Ebola virus
in 2014, monkeypox in 2017, COVID-19 in 2020, Lassa fever in 2022,
measles in 2023, diphtheria in 2023, and the current cholera outbreak in
2024. This emphasizes the importance of implementing a robust infectious
disease surveillance system for illness response, prevention, and
control. This review examines the current status of infectious disease
surveillance system in Nigeria and its usefulness in preparing for
future outbreaks. A network of laboratories, community health workers,
health facilities, and epidemiology units was established during the
COVID-19 epidemic by the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC),
which is essential to disease surveillance. One of the surveillance
system’s tiers, state epidemiology units, was in charge of overseeing
the gathering and reporting of regional data. Community health workers
also carried out contact tracing and public health education as a
grassroots method of disease surveillance. The NCDC adopted the
Surveillance Outbreak Response Management and Analysis Systems as a
primary digital surveillance platform for implementing the Integrated
Disease Surveillance and Response system, which is specifically tailored
for the surveillance of priority diseases of public health importance in
Nigeria. This was done to effectively improve the surveillance capacity
and data management. It is critical to enhance the current surveillance
system’s ability to monitor, anticipate, and quickly respond to disease
outbreaks. The COVID-19 outbreak highlighted the need for surveillance
system improvement, particularly gaps that need to be closed to monitor
future outbreaks or resurgences. In order to fortify the surveillance
system for infectious diseases, it is imperative to continue utilizing
the knowledge gained from prior outbreaks, enhance data collection,
enhance national and sub-national surveillance systems, and enhance
laboratory surveillance systems with precise data gathering and
dissemination.
Title: Infectious diseases surveillance system in Nigeria: Lesson from COVID-19 pandemic
Description:
Nigeria has seen outbreaks of multiple infectious diseases, a major
public health concern, in the past ten years, including the Ebola virus
in 2014, monkeypox in 2017, COVID-19 in 2020, Lassa fever in 2022,
measles in 2023, diphtheria in 2023, and the current cholera outbreak in
2024.
This emphasizes the importance of implementing a robust infectious
disease surveillance system for illness response, prevention, and
control.
This review examines the current status of infectious disease
surveillance system in Nigeria and its usefulness in preparing for
future outbreaks.
A network of laboratories, community health workers,
health facilities, and epidemiology units was established during the
COVID-19 epidemic by the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC),
which is essential to disease surveillance.
One of the surveillance
system’s tiers, state epidemiology units, was in charge of overseeing
the gathering and reporting of regional data.
Community health workers
also carried out contact tracing and public health education as a
grassroots method of disease surveillance.
The NCDC adopted the
Surveillance Outbreak Response Management and Analysis Systems as a
primary digital surveillance platform for implementing the Integrated
Disease Surveillance and Response system, which is specifically tailored
for the surveillance of priority diseases of public health importance in
Nigeria.
This was done to effectively improve the surveillance capacity
and data management.
It is critical to enhance the current surveillance
system’s ability to monitor, anticipate, and quickly respond to disease
outbreaks.
The COVID-19 outbreak highlighted the need for surveillance
system improvement, particularly gaps that need to be closed to monitor
future outbreaks or resurgences.
In order to fortify the surveillance
system for infectious diseases, it is imperative to continue utilizing
the knowledge gained from prior outbreaks, enhance data collection,
enhance national and sub-national surveillance systems, and enhance
laboratory surveillance systems with precise data gathering and
dissemination.
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