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Stingless bee soldiers (Tetragonisca angustula) mob and deter bullet ant (Paraponera clavata) predators

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Tetragonisca angustula is a Neotropical stingless bee with a morphologically distinct soldier subcaste and well-described defense against aerial threats, such as raiding bees. How T. angustula defends against cursorial intruders has largely been assumed to be via passive defense strategies, such as the construction of resinous nest entrances to trap or deter arthropod invaders. Cursorial arthropod intruders are rarely documented for T. angustula, nor stingless bees in general. In this note, we describe multiple observations of bullet ants (Paraponera clavata) engaged in ambush predation of bees at multiple T. angustula colonies in Costa Rica during 2022 and 2023. Tetragonisca angustula was observed on multiple occasions mobbing P. clavata following these predation attempts. Neither behavior has been previously reported in the literature to our knowledge. These observations suggest the existence of a range of behavioral interactions between ants and stingless bees that have been previously overlooked.Resumen:La especie de abeja neotropical Tetragonisca angustula que pertenece al grupo de los meliponinos (tribu: Meliponini), tiene una casta de soldados que es distinta morfológicamente. La información disponible sobre las estrategias de defensa de T. angustula, y abejas Meliponas en general, en contra de amenazas voladoras como otras abejas es abundante, pero lo que se conoce sobre amenazas por insectos caminadores como hormigas es escaso. La defensa de Tetragonisca angustula en contra de este tipo de amenazas se ha entendido a través de estrategias pasivas, como la creación de la entrada del nido que consiste en resina para atrapar los artrópodos invasores. En esta nota, describimos varias observaciones de hormigas balas (Paraponera clavata) emboscando a las abejas en los nidos de T. angustula con fines de depredación en Costa Rica durante 2022 y 2023. Individuos de T. angustula fueron observados varias veces atacando individuos de P. clavata después del evento de depredación. Estos comportamientos no han sido reportados previamente en la literatura. Nuestras observaciones sugieren la existencia de un amplio rango de interacciones entre hormigas y abejas Meliponas que no había reportada.
Title: Stingless bee soldiers (Tetragonisca angustula) mob and deter bullet ant (Paraponera clavata) predators
Description:
Tetragonisca angustula is a Neotropical stingless bee with a morphologically distinct soldier subcaste and well-described defense against aerial threats, such as raiding bees.
How T.
angustula defends against cursorial intruders has largely been assumed to be via passive defense strategies, such as the construction of resinous nest entrances to trap or deter arthropod invaders.
Cursorial arthropod intruders are rarely documented for T.
angustula, nor stingless bees in general.
In this note, we describe multiple observations of bullet ants (Paraponera clavata) engaged in ambush predation of bees at multiple T.
angustula colonies in Costa Rica during 2022 and 2023.
Tetragonisca angustula was observed on multiple occasions mobbing P.
clavata following these predation attempts.
Neither behavior has been previously reported in the literature to our knowledge.
These observations suggest the existence of a range of behavioral interactions between ants and stingless bees that have been previously overlooked.
Resumen:La especie de abeja neotropical Tetragonisca angustula que pertenece al grupo de los meliponinos (tribu: Meliponini), tiene una casta de soldados que es distinta morfológicamente.
La información disponible sobre las estrategias de defensa de T.
angustula, y abejas Meliponas en general, en contra de amenazas voladoras como otras abejas es abundante, pero lo que se conoce sobre amenazas por insectos caminadores como hormigas es escaso.
La defensa de Tetragonisca angustula en contra de este tipo de amenazas se ha entendido a través de estrategias pasivas, como la creación de la entrada del nido que consiste en resina para atrapar los artrópodos invasores.
En esta nota, describimos varias observaciones de hormigas balas (Paraponera clavata) emboscando a las abejas en los nidos de T.
angustula con fines de depredación en Costa Rica durante 2022 y 2023.
Individuos de T.
angustula fueron observados varias veces atacando individuos de P.
clavata después del evento de depredación.
Estos comportamientos no han sido reportados previamente en la literatura.
Nuestras observaciones sugieren la existencia de un amplio rango de interacciones entre hormigas y abejas Meliponas que no había reportada.

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