CLINICAL ASPECTS IN MENISCUS RESEARCH

The meniscus, an essential component of knee joint function, plays a pivotal role in load distribution, shock absorption, and joint stability. Meniscal injuries are among the most common knee disorders encountered in clinical practice, often leading to pain, functional impairment, and, in the long term, an elevated risk of osteoarthritis. Advances in meniscus research have significantly enhanced our understanding of its anatomy, biomechanics, and healing potential, offering new avenues for diagnosis and treatment.Clinically, accurate diagnosis of meniscal pathology relies on a combination of patient history, physical examination, and imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Emerging technologies, including quantitative MRI, Cone-Beam CT scan and advanced ultrasound, allow for more precise assessment of meniscal integrity and its biomechanical properties.Treatment approaches range from conservative management to surgical interventions, including meniscectomy, meniscal repair, and meniscal transplantation or substitution. Recent trends emphasize preserving meniscal tissue whenever possible, given its crucial role in joint health. Surgeons have substantially improved the understanding of specific meniscus injuries like those associated with anterior cruciate ligament injuries (root tears, ramp lesions and lateral meniscus instabilities). New repair strategies are constantly being developed and are currently under investigation with respect to their clinical outcome. Likewise, research into the biological and biomechanical aspects of the meniscus has spurred innovative therapies such as tissue engineering, cell-based interventions, and the use of biomaterials for meniscal repair and regeneration. Despite these advancements, challenges remain, particularly in addressing complex tears, age-related degeneration, and optimizing post-surgical outcomes.This abstract highlights the intersection of clinical practice and research in meniscus pathology, emphasizing the need for multidisciplinary collaboration to translate scientific discoveries into effective, patient-centered treatments. Enhanced understanding and innovation in this field hold the promise of improved outcomes for patients with meniscal disorders.