Pour une sémantique de père et de patrie chez Rousseau et Marat

THE SEMANTIC VALUE OF PÈRE AND PATRIE IN ROUSSEAU AND MARAT The indexation of Rousseau's political vocabulary makes it possible today to conduct semantic research based on lexicological facts. One can thus turn to critical listings of several basic lexemes having a compelling semantic and imaginery depth. The place which père and patrie occupies among these readings calls for being seen in a new light. From the «Dédicace » A la République de Genève, which opens the second discours of Rousseau to the Lettre à d'Alembert (through the Contrat Social,), the genevan writer founds his philosophical and moral system on the sublimated image of père which patrie is, the town of Geneva being the ideal model of paternity, virtue and « cité ». The model of Rousseau's republican fatherland is politicaly relived a few decenniums later at the time of the Revolution. The themes and caracteristic features of Rousseau's style can be found again in political language of Marat, the writer of L'Ami du Peuple. V. С. highlights the ideological and linguistic specificity of each of the two writers and at the same time points out the continuity (at least homological) from one to another.