Subject Review: Various Techniques for Image Compression

Due to the quick development of multimedia technology, now can see the increasing amount of multimedia data that is being generated or transmitted over the internet. digital image is one form of multimedia data, that can take different formats and different sizes. And here comes the main objective of image compression in transmitting or storing the data in an effective manner by decreasing the redundant or irrelevant information without significant loss of visual quality in image data. Compression of the images is utilized in various services, including TV broadcasts, satellite imagery, martial communications, webinars, medical imaging, weather reporting, etc. This paper provides a survey of the main techniques in image compression, covering both lossy & lossless approaches. The techniques that depend on lossy compression lose some of the image details during compression, while lossless compression techniques keep the image information without losing. Vector and scalar Quantization, transform coding, block truncation Coding, etc. are all examples of lossy approaches. Run length coding, entropy encoding, statistical coding, etc. are all examples of lossless techniques. This paper will assist the researchers in learning about these techniques and choosing appropriate techniques for their work.