Agrivoltaic Impact on Some Lettuce Quality Attributes and Photovoltaic Power Generation

Agrivoltaics represent an innovative approach that enables the simultaneous production of both agriculture and energy on limited lands. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of using pruning residues as a sustainable construction material for Agrivoltaic structures and to investigate the different irrigation conditions (control group (open field) with 100% irrigation (I), 60% I, 80% I, 100% I, and 120% I under the Agrivoltaic) on some lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) quality parameters and PV (photovoltaic) power generation. As a result of the study, the Agrivoltaic system resulted in a 2.92% power loss compared to a conventional PV panel. The average light intensity under the PV panels was recorded as 6500 lux, while it was 47,700 lux in the control group. Therefore, the mean SPAD values of lettuce plants were found at 24.94 SPAD under the Agrivoltaic system, in contrast to 32.49 SPAD measured in the control group. Among the conditions tested, the 100% irrigation (I) condition under the Agrivoltaic system was found to be the most favorable method for lettuce quality in terms of the a* color value, head weight, marketable head weight, head height, head diameter, root length, root width, and root collar diameter. In conclusion, Agrivoltaic systems demonstrate significant potential in the agricultural and energy sectors, contributing to environmental and economic sustainability.