Study on Analysis of Risk for Rainwater Collection and Utilization for Rural Safe Drinking Water Project

Abstract Firstly, based on the actuality of rainwater collection and utilization project, systematically elaborated rural security drinking water engineering, this paper put forward to the water quantity safety guarantee system and the water quality safety guarantee system; also discusses the basic characteristic of rural security drinking water project for rainwater, the result shows that the collector surface, water storage facilities, water treatment facilities and equipment are to ensure the safety of water quantity and quality. Secondly, this paper analyze the risk source, the risk formation process and its characteristics for water quantity and quality their types, the result shows that the precipitation is the biggest risk and the engineering design standard, the construction quality, the quantity of collecting surface, water requirement and the management of the engineering implementation process are all important factors; the occurrence of water risk have the characteristics of independence, comprehensive, and the water quality risk is the result of various factors. Thirdly, this paper constructs risk evaluation index system for rainwater collection and utilization of rural safe drinking water project by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Fourthly, based on probability theory and Bayesian theory and methods of risk assessment, water quality risk and comprehensive risk assessment model are constructed. Combining the project design, construction management and actual operation, according to the risk free, low risk, middle risk, high risk and higher risk, a total of 5 levels to set up the comprehensive risk rating standards, in order to control risks for rainwater collection and utilization, improve the reliability of water supply, and preserve water.