CD5 positive marginal zone lymphoma of the lacrimal gland: case report and review of literature

Abstract Introduction Extra nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma (EMZL) of the lacrimal gland, also known as mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Environmental factors, autoimmune diseases, and infections have been identified as risk factors, with a notable increase in incidence over recent decades. This condition typically affects individuals around 65 years of age, with a higher prevalence in females. On average, the time from symptom onset to diagnosis is about 6–7 months. Case Report We present a case of a 43-year-old female patient who presented to an outpatient clinic with 6-month painless slowly progressive swelling in the superolateral region of the orbit bilaterally history revealed diabetes mellitus, though with no known autoimmune disease. On examination, the visual acuity was within normal limits in both eyes. Orbital contrast-enhanced MR. biopsy and immunohistochemical panel confirm the diagnosis of extra nodal al marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (EMZL) of the lacrimal gland six cycles of R-CHOP were utilized and led to partial remission. Conclusion This study presents a case of CD5 + extra nodal marginal zone lymphoma (ENMZL) of the lacrimal gland and provides a comprehensive review of its clinical features, pathology, and management, with the goal of deepening clinicians' understanding of CD5 + ENMZL