Carica papaya THERAPEUTIC PROPERTIES IN DISEASE MANAGEMENT: A REVIEW

Carica papaya of (family: Caricaceae) is one of the mostly used plants. The papaya is well recognized for having nutritious and therapeutic importance. Various plant parts of papaya for example leaves, seeds, fruit, skin and roots have been utilized in accordance to their therapeutic importance. Here, the main objective of the review is to merge different evidences based curative uses such as, the antibacterial, hypolipidemic and antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-sickling, diuretic, anti-amoebic, anticoagulant, insecticidal, antimalarial, anthelmintic, antioxidant, antifungal, activities of papaya extract. The data were collected from “Scopus”, “Google Scholar”, “Science Direct” and “Web of Science” by searching words such as, “antimicrobial”, “antifungal”, “hypoglycemia or diabetes”, “sickle-cell, antioxidant”, “Carica papaya” until 2021. The papaya plant, including its fruit, leaves, seeds, bark, latex and its constituents plays an important role in treating the course of different diseases. Carica papaya extract contains active components such as glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins, which are responsible for its medicinal properties. The main results showed that papaya plant extract has powerful medicinal properties with antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, hypoglycemic and anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, clinical trials are needed to investigate the medicinal potential of papaya plant extract. Though, more work is necessary to certify the safety profile, dose and mode of action of papaya peel, leaves and seeds while being utilized as a remedial product.