DETERMINATION OF VITAMINS IN POLYGONUM AVICULARE L. USING CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS

This study presents the quantitative analysis of water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins in the aerial parts of Polygonum aviculare L. (Polygonaceae) using capillary electrophoresis. B-group vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9), as well as vitamins C and E, were determined. Polygonum aviculare L. is a valuable medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine. Infusions prepared from the aerial parts collected during flowering exhibit anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, hypotensive, diuretic, and vitamin effects, and are used in the treatment of chronic gastritis, gastric ulcers, bronchitis, kidney stones, uterine bleeding, cystitis, pulmonary tuberculosis, and other diseases. The study object included the leaves, stems, and roots of Polygonum aviculare L., collected in September 2024 in Akzhar village, Karasai district, Almaty region. Vitamin content was determined by capillary electrophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and vitamin E was quantified according to GOST 27547–87. Results showed the distribution of vitamins B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, and vitamins C and E in different morphological parts. B1 content in leaves was 2.75 times lower than in stems and roots. B2 content in stems and roots was 1.86 and 2.65 times lower than in leaves, respectively. B6 was predominantly in leaves. Vitamin C content was 0.18 mg/100 g in leaves, 1.17 times higher in stems, and 2.65 times lower in roots. Vitamins B3 and B5 were mainly present in stems, B9 only in leaves (0.003 mg/100 g). Vitamin E (α-, γ-, and σ-tocopherols) showed uneven distribution: α-tocopherol predominated in roots and stems, γ-tocopherol in roots, σ-tocopherol in leaves and stems. The results confirm the high vitamin value of Polygonum aviculare L. and support its application in pharmacology and herbal preparations.