Research on Green Finance Supporting Green and Sustainable Development of Railway Enterprises

In the process of rapid industrialization and urbanization in China, there is a strong demand for energy, while carbon emissions have not yet reached their peak. As an important market-incentivized environmental policy tool, green finance plays an increasingly important role in the process of carbon neutrality. The railway is the backbone of the transportation system, and a complete green finance application model has not yet been formed in its green development process. This article focuses on the impact of green finance on railway enterprises, analyzes the challenges and necessity faced by the development of green finance in railway. It also explores the green and sustainable development methods of railway enterprises, analyzes the application of green financial tools in enterprises, and proposes exploration and expansion suggestions from the development path and mechanism of green finance in railway enterprises. The study has shown that the main sources of green funds for railway construction come from green loans and green bonds. The construction of a green transformation plan takes green funds as an important innovative financing method. In the railway industry, enterprises innovate and develop financial service supply side reforms through green insurance and green leasing, and apply carbon trading and related financial derivatives to obtain green development benefits. Carrying out green finance in the railway industry can optimize financing structure, broaden financing channels, reduce the overall financing costs, and guide funds to clean, science and technology and other key areas, which is of great significance to support the high-quality development and green upgrading of the railway enterprises.